2010年度 政策過程と交渉：Policy Process and Negotiation
火曜日３限
（城山英明教授と共担）
英語の講義です。国際プログラムの学生さんが中心に受講されています。
内容は主要文献の輪読です。
Course description:
This course provides an introduction to analytical frameworks and strategic planning for policy processes. Its first part deals with key ideas for analyzing policy processes. It starts with an overview of canonical theories on policy processes, such as problem definition, incrementalism, agenda setting, implementation, and bureaucracy. In a class we will also discuss about the variety of policy process depending on the cultural and institutional contexts and the role of knowledge in the policy process. This course will cover recent trends, such as policy networks, advocacy coalition, policy transfer and new public management, as well. In order to put these theories in a context, the course will discuss policy-making processes, such as bureaucracy and recent reforms, in Japan as well from comparative perspective. This segment of the course is structured around pre-class readings and in-class discussions. Students are asked to present a synthesized summary of their assigned readings in the class.
The latter half of the course will deal with strategic policy-making techniques. It starts with an overview of negotiation theory as the foundation for the strategic management of stakeholders. Then students are asked to engage in case-based exercises to improve their communication and policy design skills. In the last part of the course, each student prepares a specific policy proposal including his/her implementation and institutionalization strategies.
Assignments:
Class participation is crucial. Each student is asked to review the
assigned article/chapter (total
number of articles to review per each student depends on the class size)
and present its summary in
the class. The instructor will facilitate the student discussion so
that everyone in the classroom
will have the basic theoretical understanding of theories for public
policy processes and negotiation.
At the end of the semester, students will be asked to submit an essay
(approx. 5 pages) that reflects
on actual cases using the literature reviewed in this course.
PART I: POLICY PROCESSES
10/5 Introduction
10/12 Policy process: Policy Processes (HS)
Dunn, W. (2004). Public Policy Analysis: An Introduction (3rd Ed.),
Upper Saddle River, NJ:
Pearson Prentice Hall). Chapter 2 (Policy Analysis in the Policy-Making
Process) and 3
(Structuring Policy Problems).
Bardach, E. (1981). Problems of Problem Definition in Policy Analysis,
Research in Public
Policy Analysis and Management, 1, pp. 161-71.
Stone, D. (1989). Causal Stories and the Formation of Policy Agendas,
Political Science
Quarterly 102 (2), pp. 281-300.
10/19 Policy process: theory discussion: incrementalism and agenda setting (MM)
Downs, A. (1972). Up and Down with Ecology - the "Issue-Attention Cycle," Public Interest, 28 pp. 38-50.
Kingdon, J. (1995). Agendas, Alternatives, and Public Policies (2nd Ed.). New York, NY: Addison-Wesley Chapters 4 and 9
Lindblom, C. (1959). The Science of "Muddling Through", Public Administration Review, 19 (2), pp. 79-88.
Stone, D. (1988). Policy Paradox: the art of political decision making. New York, NY: W.W. Norton. Chapter 6.
10/26 Policy process: Policy-making Dynamics ? Varieties and Coordination (e.g., Japan) (HS)
Rhodes, R. A. W. and Marsh, D. (1992). New Directions in the Study of Policy Networks, European Journal of Political Research, 21, pp. 181-205.
Sabatier, P. A. (1998). The Advocacy Coalition Framework: Revisions and Relevance for Europe, Journal of European Public Policy, 5 (1), pp. 98-130.
Voss, J-P.,, Smith, A. and Grin, J. (2009). Designing Long-term Policy : Rethinking Transition Management, Policy Science, 42, pp. 275-302.
11/2 Policy process: theory discussion: institutional design (MM)
Argyris, C. (1992). On Organizational Learning. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell. Chapter 1.
Berger, P. L., & Luckmann, T. (1966). The Social Construction of Reality: A treatise in the sociology of knowledge. Garden City, NY: Doubleday. Part II Chapter 1.
DiMaggio, P. and Powell, W. (1983). The Iron Cage Revisited: Institutional Isomorphism and Collective Rationality in Organizational Fields. American Sociological Rev., 48, pp. 147-160.
Keck, M. and Sikkink, K. (1998). Activists Beyond Borders: Advocacy networks in international politics. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press. Chapter 1
Ostrom, E. (1990). Governing the Commons. New York, NY: Univ. of Cambridge Chapter 3
Rose, R. (1991). What is Lesson-Drawing, Journal of Public Policy, 11, pp. 3-30.
Scott, W. R. (2001). Institutions and Organizations (3rd edition.). Thousands Oaks, CA: Sage. Chapter 4
Westney, E. (1987). Imitation and Innovation: The transfer of Western organizational patterns to Meiji Japan. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Chapter 1
11/9 Policy process: Theory: participation, consensus building and deliberation (MM)
Arnstein, S (1969). A Ladder of Citizen Participation. Journal of the American Institute of Planners, 35, pp.216-224.
Barber, B. (1984). Strong Democracy: Participatory politics for a new age. Berkeley, CA: University of California. Chapter 9.
Peattie, L. (1968). Reflections on Advocacy Planning, Journal of the American Planning Association, 34 (2), pp. 80 - 88
Guttman, A. and Thompson, D. (1996). Democracy and Disagreement. Cambridge, MA: Belknap. Chapter 2.
Reich, R. (ed.) (1988). The Power of Public Ideas. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Chapter 6.
Schon, D. and Rein, M. (1994). Frame Reflection: toward the resolution of intractable policy controversies. New York: Basic Books Chapter 2.
PART II: NEGOTIATION
READINGS FOR THE PART II CLASSES WILL BE FINALIZED LATER. THE FOLLIOWING LIST IS A PRELIMIARY ONE.
11/16 Negotiation: Introduction (MM)
Fisher, R. and Ury, W. (1991). Getting to Yes. New York, NY: Penguin. Chapters TBD.
Lax, D. and Sebenius, J. (1987). Manager as Negotiator, Free Press. Chapter TBD (BATNA)
Negotiation Simulation: Appleton vs. Baker [to be distributed in class]
11/30 Negotiation: Interest-based negotiation and psychological traps (MM)
Ariely, D. (2008). Predictably Irrational: The hidden forces that shape
our decisions. New York, NY: Harper. Chapter TBD.
Cialdini, R. (1993). Influence: The psychology of persuasion. New York, NY: Morrow. Chapter TBD.
Fisher, R. (1985). Art and Science of Negotiation, Harvard. Chapter 3
Fisher, R. and Ury, W. (1991). Getting to Yes. New York, NY: Penguin. Chapters TBD.
Lax, D. and Sebenius, J. (1987). Manager as Negotiator, New York, NY: Free Press. Chapter TBD.
Wheeler, M. (2002). Negotiation Analysis: An Introduction, HBS Press.
12/7 Negotiation: Simulation (two party, two issue) (MM)
Negotiation Simulation: Parking Space for Supercomputer
12/14 Negotiation: Participatory planning and consensus building (MM)
Susskind, L. and Cruikshank, J. (1987). Breaking the Impasse. New York, NY: Basic Books. Chapters TBD.
Susskind, L. (1999). “A Short Guide to Consensus Building” (pp. 3-57) In Susskind, L. McKearnan, S. and Thomas-Larmer, J. (Eds.) The Consensus-Building Handbook. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Carpenter, S. L., & Kennedy, W. J. D. (1988). Managing Public Disputes:
A practical guide to handling conflict and reaching agreements. San
Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
(another readig on JFF)
1/18 Negotiation: Process design and cultural awareness (MM)
Bazerman, M. Curhan, J., Moore, D., and Valley, K. (2000). Negotiation. Annual Review of Psychology, 51, pp. 279-314. :
Doi, T. (1973). The Anatomy of Dependence: Amae no Kozo. Tokyo, Japan: Kodansha
Forester, J. (1999). The Deliberative Practitioner: Encouraging participatory planning processes. Cambridge, MA: MIT. Chapters TBD.
Kremenyuk, V. (Ed.) (1991). International Negotiation. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Chapters 7 and 15.
Putnam, R. (1988). "Diplomacy and Domestic Politics: The Logic of Two-Level Games." International Organization. 42, pp 427-460.
Ury, W., Brett, J., and Goldberg, S. (1988). Getting Disputes Resolved: Designing Systems to Cut the Costs of Conflict. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass Chapters TBD
1/25 Wrap up
(no readings)